The
basic structure of a synovial joint consists of a synovial cavity, articular
cartilage, a fibrous articular capsule, and ligaments. The synovial cavity
(also called joint cavity) is the space between two articulating bones. The
articular cartilage covers and protects the bone ends. The articular cartilage
also acts as a shock absorber. The articular capsule encloses the joint
structure. It consists of an outer layer, the fibrous membrane, and an inner
lining, the synovial membrane. Ligaments are fibrous thickenings of the
articular capsule that help provide stability.
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