An
enzyme is a protein that acts as a biological catalyst. It decreases the amount
of energy needed (activation energy) to start a metabolic reaction. Different
enzymes work in different environments due to changes in temperature and
acidity. For example, the amylase that is active in the mouth cannot function
in the acidic environment of the stomach; pepsin, which breaks down proteins in
the stomach, cannot function in the mouth. Without enzymes, the stomach would
not be able to harvest energy and nutrients from food.
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