Monday 8 July 2013

What are proteins and what is their purpose?





Proteins are large, complex molecules composed of smaller structural subunits called amino acids. All proteins contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur, phosphorus, and iron. Human life could not exist without proteins. The enzymes that are required for all metabolic reactions are proteins. Proteins also are important to structures like muscles, and they act as both transporters and signal receptors.

Type of Protein            Examples of Functions
Defensive                             Antibodies that respond to invasion
Enzymatic                            Increase the rate of reactions; build and breakdown molecules
Hormonal                             Insulin and glucagon, which control blood sugar
Receptor                               Cell surface molecules that cause cells to respond to signals
Storage                                  Store amino acids for use in metabolic processes
Structural                              Major components of muscles, skin, hair
Transport                              Hemoglobin carries oxygen from lungs to cells

No comments:

Post a Comment